Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a terrible thing to experience. It can happen to anyone. Approximately 1.5 million people per year get a TBI in the United States alone.
People in war zones hit in the head by bullets or bomb blast waves, kids and adults playing contact sports like football or boxing, elderly who fall and hit their head, and anyone caught up in a car accident may suffer a head injury that results in TBI. The condition can be mild or severe, and it can lead to long term disability.
In the aftermath, mild TBI (mTBI) or a concussion can result from the force of the sudden impact of the brain against the skull. The extreme acceleration and deceleration of the brain within the skull can cause the injuries. Initial symptoms can include confusion or loss consciousness. Persistent post-concussive symptoms are multiple. Someone with mTBI can experience loss of energy, behavioral changes with loss of inhibition, disrupted sleep and mood, balance problems, headaches, memory loss, and even seizures.
For many affected by traumatic brain injury, everyday life changes in a big way. Social interactions, ability to function at school or work, even self-care activities can unravel. The affected person may need months or even years of rehabilitative therapies.
At the time of the immediate injury, getting conventional emergency medical evaluation and treatment is crucial and often life saving. But then there is the aftermath. It can include post-concussive syndrome. Chronic TBI.
This type of problem would seem too severe and too serious for “flaky” alternative therapies to help — but research shows that they can. There is no easy or simple answer, but there are promising natural remedies and alternative therapies that may make a difference in optimizing rehab and recovery.
Trying them under proper medical supervision may be worth it for many individuals with chronic aftermath of TBI. All of these have promising data associated with them, but as always, much more research is still needed.
Here are the categories of evidence-based possibilities to consider:
Nutritional supplements
Vitamin D3 – poorer vitamin D levels in the blood may increase the risk of experiencing severe rather than mild TBI. Lower vitamin D may also increase risk for poorer outcomes in TBI patients. (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27825289).
Amino acids – certain types of amino acids (structures that include what is called “branched chains” may improve post-TBI outcomes (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28060208).
Alpha-linolenic acid – initial studies indicate that alpha-linolenic acid (a type of essential fatty acid, especially DHA) supplementation may reduce inflammation in the brain and improve recovery after a TBI (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Alpha-linolenic+acid+traumatic+brain+injury).
Antioxidant supplements
Astaxanthin – Astaxanthin is a powerful antioxidant found in krill oil and generated by certain algae. Among the possible benefits of taking astaxanthin is a protective effect of this dietary supplement on cognitive abilities after a TBI (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28048972).
Curcumin – Curcumin is another antioxidant material from the spice turmeric. Curcumin has already shown promise as an antiinflammatory agent in arthritic conditons and various other disorders that involve an inflammatory component. Limited preliminary evidence also suggests that curcumin is among the antioxidants that may help treat or prevent the persistent damage to brain function associated with a TBI injury (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26745164; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25022989; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24689052).
Quercetin – Quercetin is an excellent antioxidant with benefits in reducing allergic reactivity in some people. Again, preliminary research has shown that this natural supplement may lessen neurological problems after a TBI and improve cognitive function (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27690831; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23384428; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16379584; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27780244).
Rutin, which is a natural bioflavonoid substance from which quercetin can be derived, can also benefit people or animals with TBI-related impairments (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27644033).
Alpha-Lipoic Acid – ALA is a somewhat better-studied antioxidant that can protect peripheral nerves from high blood sugar-related neuropathy in diabetics. Because of its ability to protect nervous tissue from damage, studies have looked at the ability of alpha-lipoic acid to lessen swelling (edema) and improve outcomes after traumatic brain injury (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26055972; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19468925; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24844176).
Alternative Therapies
Acupuncture – Acupuncture is a centuries-old component of traditional Asian healing methods. Approaches to acupuncture range from the very traditional insertion of needles into specific acupuncture points along the body’s meridians to modulate function to modern electroacupuncture or laser acupuncture in which electrical or laser light stimulates the acupoints.
One study of animals discovered that daily electroacupuncture treatment of 4 specific points for 3 days immediately after a head injury made better functional recovery possible (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27852302). This implies that acupuncture treatment very soon after injury might make a difference in outcomes.
Acupuncture in a small sample of patients with chronic severe TBI also improved muscle spasticity and level of consciousness (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27575577; ). This implies that acupuncture might benefit patients who were injured months or even years before.
Homeopathy – Homeopathy is an over two century-old system of alternative therapy that uses small doses of one medicine at a time to stimulate healing. Its effects rely mainly on the body’s own potential for adapting to corrective information from the correctly chosen medicine (remedy).
Although controversial, there are a number of studies that provide a scientific foundation for the ability of these low dose natural medicines to elicit adaptive biological changes in the body.
In the case of mild TBI, there was a positive study of people whose original injury had occurred almost 3 years prior to beginning homeopathic treatment. In this double-blind study, the researchers found that the group treated with individually-tailored homeopathic medicines had clinical improvements not seen in the placebo group (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10671699).
What to make of all of this information? A lot of the research is in early stages. Some of these remedies and therapies have been better tested in other types of health conditions and found to be valuable as part of a prevention and treatment package of care in those situations. Risks of these therapies is usually low, certainly compared with conventional drugs.
Will they “cure” TBI? Unlikely. But can they help protect the brain from further damage and improve the ability to function? Very possibly. They may actually improve other aspects of health as well.
For someone dealing with the disabling effects of mild or severe TBI, these approaches can bring some hope for better outcomes and improved functional ability. For that possibility, they are worth some serious consideration. Talk with your own health care providers.
Find medical doctors and naturopathic doctors, acupuncturists, and homeopaths to deliver and supervise the natural remedies and alternative therapies care in conjunction with your rehab team.
As Winston Churchill once said, “Never, never, never give up.”